Myiasis is a parasitic infection caused by fly larvae that infest human tissue. While rare in the U.S., it’s more common in tropical regions like Central and South America, Africa, and the Caribbean. Travelers and individuals with untreated wounds are most at risk.
What Is Myiasis?
Myiasis occurs when certain fly species lay eggs on mammals—including humans. These eggs hatch into larvae (maggots), which burrow into tissue to grow. Importantly, myiasis is not contagious—it cannot be spread from person to person.
Types and Symptoms of Myiasis
1. Furuncular Myiasis
- Flies lay eggs on mosquitoes, ticks, or surfaces like fabric.
- When transferred to human skin, larvae burrow beneath the surface.
- Symptoms: Red, pimple-like bumps with a central breathing hole; itching or pain; sensation of movement under the skin.
2. Wound Myiasis
- Blowflies target open wounds, laying eggs on dead or dying tissue.
- Larvae may spread to healthy areas including eyes, ears, and nostrils.
- Vulnerable populations include those with limited access to wound care.
3. Migratory Myiasis
- Common in livestock; humans are infected through contact.
- Larvae tunnel beneath the skin, creating itchy, winding tracks.
4. Intestinal Myiasis
- Rarely, ingestion of contaminated food leads to larvae in the intestines.
- Symptoms: Abdominal pain, vomiting, diarrhea, and visible larvae in stool.
How Is Myiasis Treated?
Treatment depends on the type:
- Skin-based myiasis: Doctors may use anesthetics and small incisions to remove larvae. Anti-parasitic drugs like ivermectin may be prescribed.
- Wound myiasis: Requires thorough cleaning and removal of dead tissue to prevent further damage.
- Intestinal myiasis: May resolve naturally or require medication.
After removal, proper wound care is essential to prevent reinfection.
How to Prevent Myiasis
If you’re in a high-risk area, follow these tips:
- Wear protective clothing and socks outdoors.
- Use insect repellent and mosquito nets.
- Keep windows screened and air circulating with fans.
- Iron clothes after drying to kill any eggs.
- Clean and cover wounds with fresh dressings.
Maggot Therapy: A Surprising Medical Use
In controlled settings, fly larvae can aid healing. Maggot therapy involves placing sterile larvae on wounds to remove dead tissue and bacteria. The larvae are contained and feed only on unhealthy tissue, making the process safe and effective.
Final Thoughts
If you suspect a myiasis infection, don’t wait—consult a healthcare provider for diagnosis and treatment. With proper care, recovery is swift and complications are avoidable.
Source: webmd.com
Disclaimer: This article is for informational purposes only and does not substitute for professional medical advice. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider for personalized recommendations.